Garry Tan 08b3698e90
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v0.18.2: migration hardening — integrity fix + reserved-connection primitive (#356)
* fix: migration hardening — timeout handling, lock detection, diagnostics

Addresses all 8 issues from the v0.18.0 production upgrade field report:

1. LATEST_VERSION now uses Math.max() instead of array-last (was wrong
   when MIGRATIONS array is out of order: [.., 23, 22, 21, 20, 15, 16])

2. Pre-flight lock check: runMigrations() queries pg_stat_activity for
   idle-in-transaction connections >5min before attempting DDL, prints
   PIDs and kill advice

3. SET LOCAL statement_timeout = 600s inside migration transactions for
   Supabase compatibility (server-enforced timeout overrides session SET)

4. Catches Postgres error 57014 (statement_timeout) with actionable
   diagnostics instead of raw stack trace

5. Better progress output: prints schema version range, migration names
   before/after, checkmarks on success

6. Migration 21 fix: drops files.page_slug_fkey before swapping the
   pages unique constraint (guarded for PGLite which has no files table)

7. idle_in_transaction_session_timeout = 5min on all Postgres connections
   (both instance-level and module-level) to prevent 24h stale locks

8. apply-migrations CLI warns when schema migrations are pending, since
   it only runs orchestrator migrations (System B) not schema DDL (System A)

All 34 migrate tests pass. Typecheck clean.

* feat(engine): BrainEngine.withReservedConnection() primitive + DRY session defaults

Adds a ReservedConnection interface and withReservedConnection(fn) method to
BrainEngine. Postgres uses postgres-js sql.reserve() to pin a single backend for
the callback; PGLite passes through its single backing connection. Used
immediately for non-transactional DDL timeout handling (next commit) and
foundation for the future write-quiesce design.

Extracts setSessionDefaults(sql) helper in db.ts, absorbing the duplicated
idle_in_transaction_session_timeout block that was copy-pasted between db.ts and
postgres-engine.ts (Gap 5 / ER-C1). Single write site, both connect paths call
the helper now.

Codex plan-review flagged that advisory-lock designs on postgres.js pools
require a reserved-connection primitive; this is that primitive.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 <noreply@anthropic.com>

* fix(migrate): close v21/v23 integrity window + non-transactional DDL timeout

Two codex-caught issues that both the initial review and the engineering review
missed:

1. Migration 21 integrity window. Original v21 dropped files_page_slug_fkey and
   persisted config.version=21, leaving files WITHOUT any FK to pages until v23
   ran and added the replacement files.page_id. Process death between v21 and
   v23 left files unconstrained while file_upload / `gbrain files` kept
   accepting writes. Fix: v21 uses sqlFor to split engines (Postgres gets
   additive-only, PGLite gets the full UNIQUE swap since it has no concurrent
   writers). v23's handler now wraps the FK drop + UNIQUE swap + page_id
   addition + backfill + ledger creation in one engine.transaction(). Atomic.

2. Non-transactional DDL timeout gap. runMigrationSQL's else-branch (for
   migrations with transaction:false, like CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY) ran the
   DDL on the shared pool with no timeout override. Supabase's 2-min server
   statement_timeout would abort a CONCURRENTLY index on any large table.
   Fix: use engine.withReservedConnection + SET statement_timeout='600000'
   inside the isolated connection.

Also: extracted getIdleBlockers(engine) helper — single source of truth for the
pg_stat_activity query. Shared by the DDL pre-flight warning and the new
`gbrain doctor --locks` CLI (next commit).

57014 diagnostic rewritten to the 4-part "what / why / fix / verify" pattern.
No longer references a non-existent CLI flag.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 <noreply@anthropic.com>

* feat(doctor): gbrain doctor --locks CLI flag

The v0.18.0 57014 diagnostic referenced `gbrain doctor --locks` but the flag
didn't exist. Users hitting statement_timeout would run the suggested command
and get "unknown option". Implemented now.

On Postgres: queries pg_stat_activity via the new getIdleBlockers() helper,
prints each blocker's PID, state, query_start, truncated query, and the exact
`SELECT pg_terminate_backend(<pid>);` command. Exits 1 on blockers, 0 on clean.

On PGLite: prints "not applicable" (no pool, no idle-in-tx concept) and exits
0. The flag is a safe no-op there.

--json emits structured output: {status, blockers: [...]}.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 <noreply@anthropic.com>

* test: migration hardening regression guards (unit + E2E)

test/migrate.test.ts — 10 new regression guards:
- LATEST_VERSION equals max(versions) under any array order. Guards against
  regression to array[-1] (the field report's "told I'm at v16 while 7
  migrations behind" bug).
- getIdleBlockers shape: pglite returns [], postgres returns rows, query
  failure returns [] (not throw).
- 57014 catch path: mocked engine throws err.code='57014', assert the 4-part
  diagnostic hits stderr with what/why/fix/verify markers.
- apply-migrations pre-flight warning structural check.
- setSessionDefaults DRY check: helper defined once in db.ts, postgres-engine
  calls it, neither path inlines the SET.
- runMigrationSQL reserved-connection usage structural check.
- Migration 21 test updates for engine-split sqlFor (codex restructure).
- Migration 23 atomic-transaction assertion.

test/e2e/migrate-chain.test.ts (new): 11 E2E tests against real Postgres:
- Post-chain schema invariants (composite UNIQUE exists, old pages_slug_key
  gone, files_page_slug_fkey gone, files.page_id column present,
  file_migration_ledger table populated).
- doctor --locks real-PG integration (second connection + BEGIN + idle,
  assert the PID appears in pg_stat_activity).
- runMigrationsUpTo advances config.version to target, not past.
- withReservedConnection round-trip (executes queries, session GUC visible
  inside callback).

test/e2e/helpers.ts: new runMigrationsUpTo(engine, targetVersion) and
setConfigVersion(version) helpers. The v15→v23 chain E2E needed a way to stop
at intermediate schema versions; neither `gbrain init --migrate-only` nor the
existing setupDB() supported this. Codex caught that the proposed E2E wasn't
implementable without new harness work.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 <noreply@anthropic.com>

* chore: bump version and changelog (v0.18.2)

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 <noreply@anthropic.com>

* docs(changelog): rewrite v0.18.2 entry to match gstack CLAUDE.md format

Applied the gstack CHANGELOG style rules from ~/git/gstack/CLAUDE.md:

- Two-line bold headline lands a verdict, not a feature list.
- Single coherent lead story instead of "Second headline... Third headline..."
- "The numbers that matter" table with BEFORE / AFTER / Δ columns, counted
  against the v0.18.0 field report (the concrete source).
- "What this means for your workflow" closing paragraph with the 4-command
  recovery path.
- TODOS.md references removed from user-facing body (explicit rule: never
  mention TODOS, internal tracking, or contributor-facing details in the
  user-read portion).
- Contributor-only detail (helper extraction, test file paths, interface
  specifics) moved to a "For contributors" subsection.
- Itemized changes reorganized as Added / Changed / Fixed / For contributors.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 <noreply@anthropic.com>

* docs(changelog): v0.18.2 voice-rule audit — headline, em dashes

Audit against ~/git/gstack/CLAUDE.md voice rules:

- Headline tightened from 32 words to 19 (rule says 10-14; repo convention
  on v0.18.1 was 22, this is closer).
- Em dashes removed from 7 lines. Replaced with commas, colons, or periods
  per the "no em dashes" rule.
- AI vocabulary audit: clean.
- Banned phrases audit: clean.

Content unchanged. Only voice/punctuation.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 <noreply@anthropic.com>

---------

Co-authored-by: root <root@localhost>
Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 4.7 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-04-23 10:39:28 -07:00

GBrain

Your AI agent is smart but forgetful. GBrain gives it a brain.

Built by the President and CEO of Y Combinator to run his actual AI agents. The production brain powering his OpenClaw and Hermes deployments: 17,888 pages, 4,383 people, 723 companies, 21 cron jobs running autonomously, built in 12 days. The agent ingests meetings, emails, tweets, voice calls, and original ideas while you sleep. It enriches every person and company it encounters. It fixes its own citations and consolidates memory overnight. You wake up and the brain is smarter than when you went to bed.

The brain wires itself. Every page write extracts entity references and creates typed links (attended, works_at, invested_in, founded, advises) with zero LLM calls. Hybrid search. Self-wiring knowledge graph. Structured timeline. Backlink-boosted ranking. Ask "who works at Acme AI?" or "what did Bob invest in this quarter?" and get answers vector search alone can't reach. Benchmarked end-to-end: Recall@5 jumps from 83% to 95%, Precision@5 from 39% to 45%, +30 more correct answers in the agent's top-5 reads on a 240-page Opus-generated rich-prose corpus. Graph-only F1: 86.6% vs grep's 57.8% (+28.8 pts). Full report.

GBrain is those patterns, generalized. 26 skills. Install in 30 minutes. Your agent does the work. As Garry's personal agent gets smarter, so does yours.

~30 minutes to a fully working brain. Database ready in 2 seconds (PGLite, no server). You just answer questions about API keys.

LLMs: fetch llms.txt for the documentation map, or llms-full.txt for the same map with core docs inlined in one fetch. Agents: start with AGENTS.md (or CLAUDE.md if you're Claude Code).

Install

GBrain is designed to be installed and operated by an AI agent. If you don't have one running yet:

Paste this into your agent:

Retrieve and follow the instructions at:
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garrytan/gbrain/master/INSTALL_FOR_AGENTS.md

That's it. The agent clones the repo, installs GBrain, sets up the brain, loads 26 skills, and configures recurring jobs. You answer a few questions about API keys. ~30 minutes.

If your agent doesn't auto-read AGENTS.md, point it at that file first: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/garrytan/gbrain/master/AGENTS.md is the non-Claude agent operating protocol (install, read order, trust boundary, common tasks). For the full doc map, use llms.txt at the same URL root.

Standalone CLI (no agent)

git clone https://github.com/garrytan/gbrain.git && cd gbrain && bun install && bun link
gbrain init                     # local brain, ready in 2 seconds
gbrain import ~/notes/          # index your markdown
gbrain query "what themes show up across my notes?"

Do NOT use bun install -g github:garrytan/gbrain. Bun blocks the top-level postinstall hook on global installs, so schema migrations never run and the CLI aborts with Aborted() the first time it opens PGLite. Use git clone + bun install && bun link as shown above. See #218.

3 results (hybrid search, 0.12s):

1. concepts/do-things-that-dont-scale (score: 0.94)
   PG's argument that unscalable effort teaches you what users want.
   [Source: paulgraham.com, 2013-07-01]

2. originals/founder-mode-observation (score: 0.87)
   Deep involvement isn't micromanagement if it expands the team's thinking.

3. concepts/build-something-people-want (score: 0.81)
   The YC motto. Connected to 12 other brain pages.

MCP server (Claude Code, Cursor, Windsurf)

GBrain exposes 30+ MCP tools via stdio:

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "gbrain": { "command": "gbrain", "args": ["serve"] }
  }
}

Add to ~/.claude/server.json (Claude Code), Settings > MCP Servers (Cursor), or your client's MCP config.

Remote MCP (Claude Desktop, Cowork, Perplexity)

ngrok http 8787 --url your-brain.ngrok.app
bun run src/commands/auth.ts create "claude-desktop"
claude mcp add gbrain -t http https://your-brain.ngrok.app/mcp -H "Authorization: Bearer TOKEN"

Per-client guides: docs/mcp/. ChatGPT requires OAuth 2.1 (not yet implemented).

The 26 Skills

GBrain ships 26 skills organized by skills/RESOLVER.md. The resolver tells your agent which skill to read for any task.

Skill files are code. They're the most powerful way to get knowledge work done. A skill file is a fat markdown document that encodes an entire workflow: when to fire, what to check, how to chain with other skills, what quality bar to enforce. The agent reads the skill and executes it. Skills can also call deterministic TypeScript code bundled in GBrain (search, import, embed, sync) for the parts that shouldn't be left to LLM judgment. Thin harness, fat skills: the intelligence lives in the skills, not the runtime.

Always-on

Skill What it does
signal-detector Fires on every message. Spawns a cheap model in parallel to capture original thinking and entity mentions. The brain compounds on autopilot.
brain-ops Brain-first lookup before any external API. The read-enrich-write loop that makes every response smarter.

Content ingestion

Skill What it does
ingest Thin router. Detects input type and delegates to the right ingestion skill.
idea-ingest Links, articles, tweets become brain pages with analysis, author people pages, and cross-linking.
media-ingest Video, audio, PDF, books, screenshots, GitHub repos. Transcripts, entity extraction, backlink propagation.
meeting-ingestion Transcripts become brain pages. Every attendee gets enriched. Every company gets a timeline entry.

Brain operations

Skill What it does
enrich Tiered enrichment (Tier 1/2/3). Creates and updates person/company pages with compiled truth and timelines.
query 3-layer search with synthesis and citations. Says "the brain doesn't have info on X" instead of hallucinating.
maintain Periodic health: stale pages, orphans, dead links, citation audit, back-link enforcement, tag consistency.
citation-fixer Scans pages for missing or malformed citations. Fixes format to match the standard.
repo-architecture Where new brain files go. Decision protocol: primary subject determines directory, not format.
publish Share brain pages as password-protected HTML. Zero LLM calls.
data-research Structured data research with parameterized YAML recipes. Extract investor updates, expenses, company metrics from email.

Operational

Skill What it does
daily-task-manager Task lifecycle with priority levels (P0-P3). Stored as searchable brain pages.
daily-task-prep Morning prep: calendar lookahead with brain context per attendee, open threads, task review.
cron-scheduler Schedule staggering (5-min offsets), quiet hours (timezone-aware with wake-up override), idempotency.
reports Timestamped reports with keyword routing. "What's the latest briefing?" finds it instantly.
cross-modal-review Quality gate via second model. Refusal routing: if one model refuses, silently switch.
webhook-transforms External events (SMS, meetings, social mentions) converted into brain pages with entity extraction.
testing Validates every skill has SKILL.md with frontmatter, manifest coverage, resolver coverage.
skill-creator Create new skills following the conformance standard. MECE check against existing skills.
minion-orchestrator Long-running agent work as background jobs. Submit, fan out children with depth/cap/timeouts, collect results via child_done inbox.

Identity and setup

Skill What it does
soul-audit 6-phase interview generating SOUL.md (agent identity), USER.md (user profile), ACCESS_POLICY.md (4-tier privacy), HEARTBEAT.md (operational cadence).
setup Auto-provision PGLite or Supabase. First import. GStack detection.
migrate Universal migration from Obsidian, Notion, Logseq, markdown, CSV, JSON, Roam.
briefing Daily briefing with meeting context, active deals, and citation tracking.

Conventions

Cross-cutting rules in skills/conventions/:

  • quality.md ... citations, back-links, notability gate, source attribution
  • brain-first.md ... 5-step lookup before any external API call
  • model-routing.md ... which model for which task
  • test-before-bulk.md ... test 3-5 items before any batch operation
  • cross-modal.yaml ... review pairs and refusal routing chain

How It Works

Signal arrives (meeting, email, tweet, link)
  -> Signal detector captures ideas + entities (parallel, never blocks)
  -> Brain-ops: check the brain first (gbrain search, gbrain get)
  -> Respond with full context
  -> Write: update brain pages with new information + citations
  -> Auto-link: typed relationships extracted on every write (zero LLM calls)
  -> Sync: gbrain indexes changes for next query

Every cycle adds knowledge. The agent enriches a person page after a meeting. Next time that person comes up, the agent already has context. The difference compounds daily.

The system gets smarter on its own. Entity enrichment auto-escalates: a person mentioned once gets a stub page (Tier 3). After 3 mentions across different sources, they get web + social enrichment (Tier 2). After a meeting or 8+ mentions, full pipeline (Tier 1). The brain learns who matters without being told. Deterministic classifiers improve over time via a fail-improve loop that logs every LLM fallback and generates better regex patterns from the failures. gbrain doctor shows the trajectory: "intent classifier: 87% deterministic, up from 40% in week 1."

"Prep me for my meeting with Jordan in 30 minutes" ... pulls dossier, shared history, recent activity, open threads

"What have I said about the relationship between shame and founder performance?" ... searches YOUR thinking, not the internet

Minions: your sub-agents won't drop work anymore

A durable, Postgres-native job queue built into the brain. Every long-running agent task is now a job that survives gateway restarts, streams progress, gets paused / resumed / steered mid-flight, and shows up in gbrain jobs list. Zero infra beyond your existing brain.

The production numbers that matter

Here's my personal OpenClaw deployment: one Render container. Supabase Postgres holding a 45,000-page brain. 19 cron jobs firing on schedule. Real gateway load from real daily work. The task: pull a month of my social posts from an external API and ingest them end-to-end into the brain as a structured page.

Minions sessions_spawn
Wall time 753ms >10,000ms (gateway timeout)
Token cost $0.00 ~$0.03 per run
Success rate 100% 0% (couldn't even spawn)
Memory/job ~2 MB ~80 MB

Under that 19-cron load, sub-agent spawn couldn't clear the 10-second gateway wall. Minions landed it in under a second for zero tokens. Scaling: 19,240 posts across 36 months, single bash loop, ~15 min total, $0.00. Sub-agents: ~9 min best case, ~$1.08 in tokens, ~40% spawn failure. Lab: durability ∞ (SIGKILL mid-flight, 10/10 rescued), throughput ~10× faster, fan-out ~21× with no failure wall, memory ~400× less.

Full benchmarks: production and lab.

The routing rule

Deterministic (same input → same steps → same output) → Minions Judgment (input requires assessment or decision) → Sub-agents

Pull posts, parse JSON, write a brain page, run a sync — deterministic. $0 tokens, survives restart, millisecond runtime. Triage the inbox, assess meeting priority, decide if a cold email deserves a reply — judgment. What sub-agents are actually good at. minion_mode: pain_triggered (the default) automates the routing.

What's fixed

The six daily pains — spawn storms, agents that stop responding, forgotten dispatches, gateway crashes mid-run, runaway grandchildren, debugging soup — all belonged to the "deterministic work through a reasoning model" mistake. Minions fixes them by not making that mistake: max_children cap, timeout_ms + AbortSignal, child_done inbox, full parent_job_id/depth/transcript per job, Postgres durability with stall detection, cascade cancel via recursive CTE. Plus idempotency keys, attachment validation, removeOnComplete, and gbrain jobs smoke that proves the install in half a second.

gbrain jobs smoke                        # verify install
gbrain jobs submit sync --params '{}'    # fire a background job
gbrain jobs stats                        # health dashboard
gbrain jobs work --concurrency 4         # start a worker (Postgres only)

Read skills/minion-orchestrator/SKILL.md for parent-child DAGs, fan-in collection, steering via inbox.

Minions is not incrementally better than sub-agents for background work. It's categorically different. 753ms vs gateway timeout. $0 vs tokens. 100% vs couldn't-spawn. If your agent does deterministic work on a schedule, it runs on Minions now.

Health check and self-heal

Minions is canonical as of v0.11.1 — every gbrain upgrade runs the migration automatically (schema → smoke → prefs → host rewrites → env-aware autopilot install). If you ever want to verify manually or wire a cron into your morning briefing:

gbrain doctor                    # half-migrated state? prints loud banner + exits non-zero
gbrain skillpack-check --quiet    # exit 0/1/2 for pipeline gating
gbrain skillpack-check | jq       # full JSON: {healthy, summary, actions[], doctor, migrations}

If anything's off, actions[] tells you the exact command to run. For deeper troubleshooting: docs/guides/minions-fix.md.

Moving gateway crons to Minions (deterministic scripts, zero LLM tokens per fire): docs/guides/minions-shell-jobs.md.

Durable agents: gbrain agent (v0.15)

Your subagent runs survive crashes now. OpenClaw died mid-run? The worker re-claims on restart and replays from the last committed turn. Fan-out across 50 shards, one shard crashes — the aggregator still claims after every child reaches a terminal state and writes a mixed-outcome summary. Tool calls persist as a two-phase ledger (pendingcomplete | failed) so replay is safe by construction, not by hope.

# Submit a single-subagent run
gbrain agent run "summarize my last 10 journal pages"

# Fan out N prompts across N subagent children + 1 aggregator
gbrain agent run "analyze every page" \
  --fanout-manifest manifests/pages.json \
  --subagent-def analyzer

# Tail a running job (heartbeat per turn + full transcript on completion)
gbrain agent logs 1247 --follow --since 5m

Durability is the point: every Anthropic turn commits to subagent_messages, every tool call to subagent_tool_executions. Worker kills, OpenClaw crashes, timeouts — all resumable. Host repos (your OpenClaw, etc.) ship their own subagent definitions via GBRAIN_PLUGIN_PATH + a gbrain.plugin.json manifest: see docs/guides/plugin-authors.md. Requires ANTHROPIC_API_KEY on the worker.

Skillify: your skills tree stops being a black box

Hermes and similar agent frameworks auto-create skills as a background behavior. Fine until you don't know what the agent shipped. Checklists decay. Tests drift. Resolver entries get stale. Six months later you've got an opaque pile of "skills" that nobody has read, nobody has tested, and nobody is sure still work.

GBrain ships the same capability. Except the human stays in the loop.

  • /skillify turns raw code into a properly-skilled feature: SKILL.md + deterministic script + unit tests + integration tests + LLM evals + resolver trigger + resolver trigger eval + E2E smoke + brain filing. Ten items. Every one required.
  • gbrain check-resolvable walks the whole skills tree: reachability, MECE overlap, DRY violations, gap detection, orphaned skills. Exits non-zero if anything is off.
  • scripts/skillify-check.ts — machine-readable audit. --json for CI, --recent for last-7-days files.

You decide when and what. The tooling keeps the checklist honest.

Why this is the right answer for OpenClaw

Auto-generated skills are a liability the first time a behavior breaks. Was it the skill? The test? The resolver trigger? The eval? You don't know, because you never read it. Debugging a black box is pure guesswork.

Skillify makes the black box legible. Every skill in your tree has: a contract (SKILL.md), tests that exercise that contract, an eval that grades LLM output against a rubric, a resolver trigger the user actually types, and a test that confirms the trigger routes right. If something breaks, you know which layer to look at. If anything goes stale, check-resolvable says so.

In practice this combo produces zero orphaned skills, every feature with tests + evals + resolver triggers + evals of the triggers. Compounding quality instead of compounding entropy.

# Audit a feature's skill completeness (10-item checklist)
bun run scripts/skillify-check.ts src/commands/publish.ts

# In CI: fail the build when a new feature isn't properly skilled
bun run scripts/skillify-check.ts --json --recent

# Validate the whole skills tree before shipping
gbrain check-resolvable

Skillify is not a nice-to-have. It's the piece that makes the skills tree survive six months of compounding work. Read skills/skillify/SKILL.md for the full 10-item checklist and the anti-patterns it catches.

Getting Data In

GBrain ships integration recipes that your agent sets up for you. Each recipe tells the agent what credentials to ask for, how to validate, and what cron to register.

Recipe Requires What It Does
Public Tunnel Fixed URL for MCP + voice (ngrok Hobby $8/mo)
Credential Gateway Gmail + Calendar access
Voice-to-Brain ngrok-tunnel Phone calls to brain pages (Twilio + OpenAI Realtime)
Email-to-Brain credential-gateway Gmail to entity pages
X-to-Brain Twitter timeline + mentions + deletions
Calendar-to-Brain credential-gateway Google Calendar to searchable daily pages
Meeting Sync Circleback transcripts to brain pages with attendees

Data research recipes extract structured data from email into tracked brain pages. Built-in recipes for investor updates (MRR, ARR, runway, headcount), expense tracking, and company metrics. Create your own with gbrain research init.

Run gbrain integrations to see status.

GBrain + GStack

GStack is the engine. GBrain is the mod.

  • GStack = coding skills (ship, review, QA, investigate, office-hours, retro). 70,000+ stars, 30,000 developers per day. When your agent codes on itself, it uses GStack.
  • GBrain = everything-else skills (brain ops, signal detection, ingestion, enrichment, cron, reports, identity). When your agent remembers, thinks, and operates, it uses GBrain.
  • hosts/gbrain.ts = the bridge. Tells GStack's coding skills to check the brain before coding.

gbrain init detects if GStack is installed and reports mod status. If GStack isn't there, it tells you how to get it.

Architecture

┌──────────────────┐    ┌───────────────┐    ┌──────────────────┐
│   Brain Repo     │    │    GBrain     │    │    AI Agent      │
│   (git)          │    │  (retrieval)  │    │  (read/write)    │
│                  │    │               │    │                  │
│  markdown files  │───>│  Postgres +   │<──>│  26 skills       │
│  = source of     │    │  pgvector     │    │  define HOW to   │
│    truth         │    │               │    │  use the brain   │
│                  │<───│  hybrid       │    │                  │
│  human can       │    │  search       │    │  RESOLVER.md     │
│  always read     │    │  (vector +    │    │  routes intent   │
│  & edit          │    │   keyword +   │    │  to skill        │
│                  │    │   RRF)        │    │                  │
└──────────────────┘    └───────────────┘    └──────────────────┘

The repo is the system of record. GBrain is the retrieval layer. The agent reads and writes through both. Human always wins... edit any markdown file and gbrain sync picks up the changes.

The Knowledge Model

Every page follows the compiled truth + timeline pattern:

---
type: concept
title: Do Things That Don't Scale
tags: [startups, growth, pg-essay]
---

Paul Graham's argument that startups should do unscalable things early on.
The key insight: the unscalable effort teaches you what users actually
want, which you can't learn any other way.

---

- 2013-07-01: Published on paulgraham.com
- 2024-11-15: Referenced in batch W25 kickoff talk

Above the ---: compiled truth. Your current best understanding. Gets rewritten when new evidence changes the picture. Below: timeline. Append-only evidence trail. Never edited, only added to.

Knowledge Graph

Pages aren't just text. Every mention of a person, company, or concept becomes a typed link in a structured graph. The brain wires itself.

Write a meeting page mentioning Alice and Acme AI
  -> Auto-link extracts entity refs from content (zero LLM calls)
  -> Infers types: meeting page + person ref => `attended`
                   "CEO of X" pattern        => `works_at`
                   "invested in"             => `invested_in`
                   "advises", "advisor"      => `advises`
                   "founded", "co-founded"   => `founded`
  -> Reconciles stale links: edits remove links no longer in content
  -> Backlinks rank well-connected entities higher in search
gbrain graph-query people/alice --type attended --depth 2
# returns who Alice met with, transitively

The graph powers questions vector search can't: "who works at Acme AI?", "what has Bob invested in?", "find the connection between Alice and Carol". Backfill an existing brain in one command:

gbrain extract links --source db        # wire up the existing 29K pages
gbrain extract timeline --source db     # extract dated events from markdown timelines

Then ask graph questions or watch the search ranking improve. Benchmarked: Recall@5 jumps from 83% to 95%, Precision@5 from 39% to 45%, +30 more correct answers in the agent's top-5 reads on a 240-page Opus-generated rich-prose corpus. Graph-only F1 hits 86.6% vs grep's 57.8% (+28.8 pts). See docs/benchmarks/2026-04-18-brainbench-v1.md.

Hybrid search: vector + keyword + RRF fusion + multi-query expansion + 4-layer dedup.

Query
  -> Intent classifier (entity? temporal? event? general?)
  -> Multi-query expansion (Claude Haiku)
  -> Vector search (HNSW cosine) + Keyword search (tsvector)
  -> RRF fusion: score = sum(1/(60 + rank))
  -> Cosine re-scoring + compiled truth boost
  -> 4-layer dedup + compiled truth guarantee
  -> Results

Keyword alone misses conceptual matches. Vector alone misses exact phrases. RRF gets both. Search quality is benchmarked and reproducible: gbrain eval --qrels queries.json measures P@k, Recall@k, MRR, and nDCG@k. A/B test config changes before deploying them.

Why it works: many strategies in concert

The brain isn't one trick. Every retrieval question goes through ~20 deterministic techniques layered together. No single one is magic; the win comes from stacking them so each layer covers what the others miss.

Question
  │
  ├─ INGESTION (every put_page)
  │    ├─ Recursive markdown chunking (or semantic / LLM-guided)
  │    ├─ Embedding cache invalidation on edit
  │    └─ Idempotent imports (content-hash dedup)
  │
  ├─ GRAPH EXTRACTION (auto-link post-hook, zero LLM)
  │    ├─ Entity-ref regex (markdown links + bare slugs)
  │    ├─ Code-fence stripping (no false-positive slugs in code blocks)
  │    ├─ Typed inference cascade (FOUNDED → INVESTED → ADVISES → WORKS_AT)
  │    ├─ Page-role priors (partner-bio language → invested_in)
  │    ├─ Within-page dedup (same target collapses to one link)
  │    ├─ Stale-link reconciliation (edits remove dropped refs)
  │    └─ Multi-type link constraint (same person can works_at AND advises)
  │
  ├─ SEARCH PIPELINE (every query)
  │    ├─ Intent classifier (entity / temporal / event / general — auto-routes)
  │    ├─ Multi-query expansion (Haiku rephrases the question 3 ways)
  │    ├─ Vector search (HNSW cosine over OpenAI embeddings)
  │    ├─ Keyword search (Postgres tsvector + websearch_to_tsquery)
  │    ├─ Reciprocal Rank Fusion (score = sum 1/(60+rank) across both)
  │    ├─ Cosine re-scoring (re-rank chunks against actual query embedding)
  │    ├─ Compiled-truth boost (assessments outrank timeline noise)
  │    ├─ Backlink boost (well-connected entities rank higher)
  │    └─ Source-aware dedup (one CT chunk per page guaranteed)
  │
  ├─ GRAPH TRAVERSAL (relational queries)
  │    ├─ Recursive CTE with cycle prevention (visited-array check)
  │    ├─ Type-filtered edges (--type works_at, attended, etc.)
  │    ├─ Direction control (in / out / both)
  │    └─ Depth-capped (≤10 for remote MCP; DoS prevention)
  │
  └─ AGENT WORKFLOW (graph-confident hybrid)
       ├─ Graph-query first (high-precision typed answers)
       ├─ Grep fallback when graph returns nothing
       └─ Graph hits ranked first in top-K (better P@K and R@K)

End-to-end on the BrainBench v1 corpus (240 rich-prose pages, before/after PR #188):

Metric BEFORE PR #188 AFTER PR #188 Δ
Precision@5 39.2% 44.7% +5.4 pts
Recall@5 83.1% 94.6% +11.5 pts
Correct in top-5 217 247 +30
Graph-only F1 (ablation) 57.8% (grep) 86.6% +28.8 pts

Plus 5 orthogonal capability checks (identity resolution, temporal queries, performance at 10K-page scale, robustness to malformed input, MCP operation contract). All pass. Full report.

The point: each technique handles a class of inputs the others miss. Vector search misses exact slug refs; keyword catches them. Keyword misses conceptual matches; vector catches them. RRF picks the best of both. Compiled-truth boost keeps assessments above timeline noise. Auto-link extraction wires the graph that lets backlink boost rank well-connected entities higher. Graph traversal answers questions search alone can't reach. The agent picks graph-first for precision and falls back to keyword for recall. All deterministic, all in concert, all measured.

Voice

Call a phone number. Your AI answers. It knows who's calling, pulls their full context from the brain, and responds like someone who actually knows your world. When the call ends, a brain page appears with the transcript, entity detection, and cross-references.

Voice client connected

See it in action

The voice recipe ships with GBrain: Voice-to-Brain. WebRTC works in a browser tab with zero setup. A real phone number is optional.

Engine Architecture

CLI / MCP Server
     (thin wrappers, identical operations)
              |
      BrainEngine interface (pluggable)
              |
     +--------+--------+
     |                  |
PGLiteEngine       PostgresEngine
  (default)          (Supabase)
     |                  |
~/.gbrain/           Supabase Pro ($25/mo)
brain.pglite         Postgres + pgvector
embedded PG 17.5

     gbrain migrate --to supabase|pglite
         (bidirectional migration)

PGLite: embedded Postgres, no server, zero config. When your brain outgrows local (1000+ files, multi-device), gbrain migrate --to supabase moves everything.

File Storage

Brain repos accumulate binaries. GBrain has a three-stage migration:

gbrain files mirror <dir>       # copy to cloud, local untouched
gbrain files redirect <dir>     # replace local with .redirect pointers
gbrain files clean <dir>        # remove pointers, cloud only
gbrain files restore <dir>      # download everything back (undo)

Storage backends: S3-compatible (AWS, R2, MinIO), Supabase Storage, or local.

Commands

SETUP
  gbrain init [--supabase|--url]        Create brain (PGLite default)
  gbrain migrate --to supabase|pglite   Bidirectional engine migration
  gbrain upgrade                        Self-update with feature discovery

PAGES
  gbrain get <slug>                     Read a page (fuzzy slug matching)
  gbrain put <slug> [< file.md]         Write/update (auto-versions)
  gbrain delete <slug>                  Delete a page
  gbrain list [--type T] [--tag T]      List with filters

SEARCH
  gbrain search <query>                 Keyword search (tsvector)
  gbrain query <question>              Hybrid search (vector + keyword + RRF)

IMPORT
  gbrain import <dir> [--no-embed]      Import markdown (idempotent)
  gbrain sync [--repo <path>]           Git-to-brain incremental sync
  gbrain export [--dir ./out/]          Export to markdown

FILES
  gbrain files list|upload|sync|verify  File storage operations

EMBEDDINGS
  gbrain embed [<slug>|--all|--stale]   Generate/refresh embeddings

LINKS + GRAPH
  gbrain link|unlink|backlinks          Cross-reference management
  gbrain extract links|timeline|all     Batch backfill from existing pages
                                        (--source db|fs, --type, --since, --dry-run)
  gbrain graph-query <slug>             Typed traversal (--type T --depth N
                                        --direction in|out|both)

JOBS (Minions)
  gbrain jobs submit <name> [--params JSON] [--follow]  Submit a background job
  gbrain jobs list [--status S] [--queue Q]             List jobs with filters
  gbrain jobs get|cancel|retry|delete <id>              Manage job lifecycle
  gbrain jobs prune [--older-than 30d]                  Clean completed/dead jobs
  gbrain jobs stats                                     Job health dashboard
  gbrain jobs smoke                                     One-command health check
  gbrain jobs work [--queue Q] [--concurrency N]        Start worker daemon

ADMIN
  gbrain doctor [--json] [--fast]       Health checks (resolver, skills, DB, embeddings)
  gbrain doctor --fix [--dry-run]       Auto-fix DRY violations (delegate inlined rules to conventions)
  gbrain stats                          Brain statistics
  gbrain serve                          MCP server (stdio)
  gbrain integrations                   Integration recipe dashboard
  gbrain check-backlinks check|fix      Back-link enforcement
  gbrain lint [--fix]                   LLM artifact detection
  gbrain repair-jsonb [--dry-run]       Repair v0.12.0 double-encoded JSONB (Postgres)
  gbrain orphans [--json] [--count]     Find pages with zero inbound wikilinks
  gbrain transcribe <audio>             Transcribe audio (Groq Whisper)
  gbrain research init <name>           Scaffold a data-research recipe
  gbrain research list                  Show available recipes

Run gbrain --help for the full reference.

Origin Story

I was setting up my OpenClaw agent and started a markdown brain repo. One page per person, one page per company, compiled truth on top, timeline on the bottom. Within a week: 10,000+ files, 3,000+ people, 13 years of calendar data, 280+ meeting transcripts, 300+ captured ideas.

The agent runs while I sleep. The dream cycle scans every conversation, enriches missing entities, fixes broken citations, consolidates memory. I wake up and the brain is smarter than when I went to sleep.

The skills in this repo are those patterns, generalized. What took 11 days to build by hand ships as a mod you install in 30 minutes.

Docs

For agents:

For humans:

Reference:

Benchmarks:

  • BrainBench v1 (PR #188) ... single comprehensive before/after report on a 240-page Opus-generated corpus. 7 categories: relational queries, identity resolution, temporal queries, performance, robustness, MCP contract.

Contributing

See CONTRIBUTING.md. Run bun test for unit tests. E2E tests: spin up Postgres with pgvector, run bun run test:e2e, tear down.

PRs welcome for: new enrichment APIs, performance optimizations, additional engine backends, new skills following the conformance standard in skills/skill-creator/SKILL.md.

License

MIT

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